Deterrence is described as the product of which three inter-related factors?

Deterrence is fundamentally based on the ability to prevent an adversary from taking an unwanted action through the threat of retaliation or the demonstration of power. The correct answer focuses on three inter-related factors: a nation's capability, will, and others' perceptions.

Capability refers to the actual means a nation possesses to defend itself or project power, such as military forces and technology. Will is the determination and political resolve to use those capabilities when necessary. However, the perceptions of others play a crucial role in deterrence; it is not merely enough for a nation to have the capability and will; other nations must also recognize and perceive that capability and resolve.

If adversaries believe that a country has both the means and the motivation to act if provoked, they are less likely to engage in aggressive actions. Therefore, the interplay between these three elements creates a robust framework for effective deterrence strategy. Understanding this interrelation is critical in the context of national security and military policy, as it emphasizes the importance of being perceived as both capable and willing to protect national interests.